下面主要就充电电流过大，单只电池充电电压超过了2.4V,内部有短路或局部放电、温升超标、阀控失灵现象造成的铅酸蓄电池短路进行分析，总结出如下铅酸蓄电池短路的处理方法。
1、减小充电电流，降低充电电压，检查安全阀体是否堵死。定期充电放电。UPS电源系统中的铅酸蓄电池浮充电压和放电电压，很多在出厂时均已调试到额定值，而放电电流的大小是随着负载的增大而增加的，使用中应合理调节负载，比如控制计算机等电子设备的使用台数。
一般情况下，负载不宜超过UPS额定负载的60%.在这个范围内，蓄电池就不会出现过度放电。铅酸蓄电池存放会因自放电而失去部分容量，因此，铅酸蓄电池在安装后投入使用前，应根据电池的开路电压判断电池的剩余容量，然后采用不同的方法对蓄电池进行补充充电。对备用搁置的蓄电池，每3个月应进行一次补充充电。可以通过测量松下蓄电池开路电压来判断电池的好坏。
2、以12V电池为例，若开路电压高于12.5V,则表示电池储能还有80%以上，若开路电压低于12.5V,则应该立刻进行补充充电。若开路电压低于12V,则表示电池存储电能不到20%,电池不堪使用。蓄电池在短路状态时，其短路电流可达数百安培。短路接触越牢，短路电流越大，因此所有连接部分都会产生大量热量，在薄弱环节发热量更大，会将连接处熔断，产生短路现象。
蓄电池局部可能产生可爆气体（或充电时集存的可爆气体），在连接处熔断时产生火花，会引起蓄电池爆炸；若蓄电池短路时间较短或电流不是特别大时，可能不会引起连接处熔断现象，但短路仍会有过热现象，会损坏连接条周围的粘结剂，使其留下漏液等隐患。
在安装铅酸蓄电池时，应使用的工具应采取绝缘措施，连线时应先将电池以外的电器连好，经检查无短路，后连上蓄电池，布线规范应良好绝缘，防止重叠受压产生破裂。通过这些细致的工作，才能更好的预防铅酸蓄电池短路，使铅酸蓄电池更安全的使用，寿命也更长。
CSB蓄电池的额定容量是以环境温度为25℃时为基准的,当环境温度高于25℃时,蓄电池的实际容量会比额定容量增大一些,故计算蓄电池容量时可以考虑适当减小一些(但如下文所述,实际计算时并不进行调整,以留有裕量),当环境温度低于25℃时,蓄电池的实际容量会比额定容量低一些,计算蓄电池容量时应考虑适当增大一些。即将所需蓄电池容量提高到25℃时的容量。如果环境温度恰好为25℃,则不进行调整。放电温度系数α是根据温度调整蓄电池计算容量的系数,实际上是每偏离基准温度(25℃)1℃的补偿值(单位:1/℃)。α的取值与放电电流有关,放电电流(放电率)越大,温度变化对蓄电池实际容量的影响越大,故α的取值越大。当放电小时≥10h,取α=0.006;当10>放电小时≥1h,取α=0.008;当放电小时<1h,取α=0.01。
CSB蓄电池作为电源系统停电时的备用电源，已广泛的应用于工业生产、交通、通信等行业。如果电池失效或容量不足，就有可能造成重大事故，所以必须对CSB蓄电池的运行参数进行全面的在线监测。CSB蓄电池状态的重要标志之一就是它的内阻。无论是CSB蓄电池即将失效、容量不足或是充放电不当，都能从它的内阻变化中体现出来。因此可以通过测量CSB蓄电池内阻，对其工作状态进行评估。目前测量CSB蓄电池内阻的常见方法有：
Battery as a backup power source when power system is outage, has been widely used in industrial production, transportation, communications and other industries. If the battery fails or the capacity is insufficient, it is possible to cause major accidents. Therefore, the on-line monitoring of the operation parameters of the battery must be carried out. One of the important signs of the battery state is its internal resistance. Whether the battery is going to fail, the capacity is insufficient or the charge and discharge is not proper, it can be reflected from its internal resistance changes. Therefore, the working state of the battery can be evaluated by measuring the internal resistance of the battery. The common methods for measuring the internal resistance of the battery are:
（1）密度法
(1) density method
密度法主要通过测量CSB蓄电池电解液的密度来估算CSB蓄电池的内阻，常用于开口式铅酸电池的内阻测量，不适合密封铅酸CSB蓄电池的内阻测量。该方法的适用范围窄。
Density method is used to estimate the internal resistance of the battery by measuring the density of the battery electrolyte, which is often used to measure the internal resistance of the open lead-acid battery, which is not suitable for the internal resistance measurement of the sealed lead-acid battery. The application of this method is narrow.
（2）开路电压法
(2) open circuit voltage method
开路电压法是通过测量CSB蓄电池的端电压来估计CSB蓄电池内阻，精度很差，甚至得出错误结论。因为即使一个容量已经变得很小的CSB蓄电池，再浮充状态下其端电压仍可能表现得很正常。
The open circuit voltage method is used to estimate the internal resistance of the battery by measuring the terminal voltage of the battery. The accuracy is very poor, and even the wrong conclusion is obtained. Because even if a battery capacity has become very small, then the floating state of terminal voltage is still likely to be normal.
（3）直流放电法
(3) direct current discharge method
直流放电法就是通过对电池进行瞬间大电流放电，测量电池上的瞬间电压降，通过欧姆定律计算出电池内阻。虽然这种方法在实践中也得到了广泛的应用，但是它也存在一些缺点。如用该方法对CSB蓄电池内阻进行检测必须是在静态或是脱机状态下进行，无法实现在线测量。而且大电流放电会对CSB蓄电池造成较大的损害，从而影响CSB蓄电池的容量及寿命。
The DC discharge method is to measure the instantaneous voltage drop on the battery by discharging the battery instantaneously, and calculate the internal resistance of the battery by Ohm's law. Although this method has been widely applied in practice, it also has some shortcomings. If we use this method to detect the internal resistance of battery, it must be carried out under static or offline state, and online measurement can not be achieved. Moreover, the large current discharge will cause great damage to the battery, which will affect the capacity and life of the battery.
（4）交流注入法
(4) AC injection method
交流法通过对CSB蓄电池注入一个恒定的交流电流信号IS，测量出CSB蓄电池两端的电压响应信号Vo，以及两者的相位差
In the AC method, a constant current signal IS is injected into the battery, and the voltage response signal Vo at both ends of the battery is measured, and the phase difference between them is measured.
